RESUMO Introdução O monitoramento cardíaco pode fornecer informações importantes para o treino de basquete entre jovens. Com os dados coletados, pode-se ajustar o aumento de carga de exercícios, intervalos entre treinos e tempo de recuperação de cada atleta. Acredita-se que esses indexadores poderão proporcionar um ajuste fino na quantidade e qualidade do treinamento. Objetivo Explorar o monitoramento cardíaco no centro de treinamento esportivo de jovens jogadores de basquete. Métodos Dois jogadores de basquete masculino foram selecionados, usando o sistema de gerenciamento da equipe de monitoramento de batimentos cardíacos finlandês da marca Polar®, monitorar a mudança da frequência cardíaca entre as posições e nos diferentes períodos de treinamento. Resultados A frequência cardíaca máxima medida está entre 181 BPM e 192 BPM. Durante o treinamento, a frequência cardíaca média da equipe foi de 146 BPM, a frequência cardíaca intermitente está entre 99 e 121 BPM, a diferença média de recuperação da frequência cardíaca dos jogadores é de 74 vezes. Conclusão O presente estudo comprova que a frequência cardíaca pode ser um indicador de monitoramento eficaz e o índice de monitoramento pode contribuir profundamente no aprimoramento do treino entre jovens esportistas de basquete, permitindo o ajuste de intensidade e tipo de treino pelos treinadores, com um método de avaliação eficaz. Nível de evidência II; Estudos Terapêuticos - Investigação de Resultados.

ABSTRACT Introduction Cardiac monitoring can provide critical information for basketball training among young athletes. Using the data collected, adjustments on exercise load increase, workouts intervals, and the recovery time for each athlete can be made. It is believed that these indexes will provide fine-tuning in quantity and quality training. Objective Explore cardiac monitoring in the sports training center of young basketball players. Methods Two male basketball players were selected, using the Polar® brand heart rate monitoring team management system, to monitor the change in heart rate between positions and in different training periods. Results The measured maximum heart rate is between 181 and 192 BPM. During training, the average heart rate of the team was 146 BPM, the intermittent heart rate was between 99 and 121 BPM, the average difference in players’ heart rate recovery was 74 times. Conclusion This study proves that heart rate can be an effective monitoring indicator. The monitoring index can contribute profoundly to training among young basketball athletes, allowing coaches the adjustment of intensity and type of training with a practical evaluation method. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.

RESUMEN Introducción La monitorización cardíaca puede proporcionar información importante para el entrenamiento de baloncesto entre los jóvenes atletas. Con los datos recogidos, es posible ajustar el aumento de la carga de los ejercicios, los intervalos entre los entrenamientos y el tiempo de recuperación de cada atleta. Se cree que estos índices podrán proporcionar un ajuste fino en la cantidad y la calidad de la formación. Objetivo Explorar la monitorización cardíaca en el centro de entrenamiento deportivo de jóvenes jugadores de baloncesto. Métodos Se seleccionaron dos jugadores de baloncesto de sexo masculino y se utilizó el sistema de gestión de equipos de monitorización de la frecuencia cardíaca de la marca finlandesa Polar® para controlar el cambio de la frecuencia cardíaca entre las posiciones y en diferentes períodos de entrenamiento. Resultados La frecuencia cardíaca máxima medida está entre 181 BPM y 192 BPM. Durante el entrenamiento, la frecuencia cardíaca media del equipo fue de 146 BPM, la frecuencia cardíaca intermitente está entre 99 y 121 BPM, la diferencia media en la recuperación de la frecuencia cardíaca de los jugadores es de 74 veces. Conclusión El presente estudio demuestra que la frecuencia cardíaca puede ser un indicador de seguimiento eficaz y el índice de seguimiento puede contribuir profundamente en la mejora del entrenamiento entre los jóvenes deportistas de baloncesto, permitiendo el ajuste de la intensidad y el tipo de entrenamiento por parte de los entrenadores, con un método de evaluación eficaz. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - Investigación de resultados.

Abstract Humic substances in soil DNA samples can influence the assessment of microbial diversity and community composition. Using multiple steps during or after cell lysis adds expenses, is time-consuming, and causes DNA loss. A pretreatment of soil samples and a single step DNA extraction may improve experimental results. In order to optimize a protocol for obtaining high purity DNA from soil microbiota, five prewashing agents were compared in terms of their efficiency and effectiveness in removing soil contaminants. Residual contaminants were precipitated by adding 0.6 mL of 0.5 M CaCl2. Four cell lysis methods were applied to test their compatibility with the pretreatment (prewashing + Ca2+ flocculation) and to ultimately identify the optimal cell lysis method for analyzing fungal communities in forest soils. The results showed that pretreatment with TNP + Triton X-100 + skim milk (100 mM Tris, 100 mM Na4P2O7, 1% polyvinylpyrrolidone, 100 mM NaCl, 0.05% Triton X-100, 4% skim milk, pH 10.0) removed most soil humic contaminants. When the pretreatment was combined with Ca2+ flocculation, the purity of all soil DNA samples was further improved. DNA samples obtained by the fast glass bead-beating method (MethodFGB) had the highest purity. The resulting DNA was successfully used, without further purification steps, as a template for polymerase chain reaction targeting fungal internal transcribed spacer regions. The results obtained by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis indicated that the MethodFGB revealed greater fungal diversity and more distinctive community structure compared with the other methods tested. Our study provides a protocol for fungal cell lysis in soil, which is fast, convenient, and effective for analyzing fungal communities in forest soils.

Chlorella vulgaris has the gene of n-3 fatty acid desaturase (CvFad3), which can synthesize the precursor of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) or convert n-6 to n-3 PUFAs. The objective of the present study was to examine whether the CvFad3 gene from C. vulgaris can be functionally and efficiently expressed in human breast cancer cells and whether its expression can exert a significant effect on cell fatty acid composition. We inserted the CvFad3 gene into the plasmid pEGFP-C3 to construct the eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-C3-n-3 and to express the n-3 Fad gene in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7 cells). Transfection of MCF-7 cells with the recombinant vector resulted in a high expression of n-3 fatty acid desaturase. Lipid analysis indicated that the ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFAs was decreased from 6:1 in the control cells to about 1:1 in the cells expressing the n-3 fatty acid desaturase. Accordingly, the CvFad3 gene significantly decreased the ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFAs of the MCF-7 cell membrane. The expression of the CvFad3 gene can decrease cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis. This study demonstrates that the CvFad3 gene can dramatically balance the ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFAs and may provide an effective approach to the modification of the fatty acid composition of mammalian cells, also providing a basis for potential applications of its transfer in experimental and clinical settings.